Managing Research Work: The following activities will lead one to
manage his researchwork effectively:
a) Managing
Yourself: Doing any kind of research work is a lonely experience. Sometimes
it looks like that the person doing the research and his/her guide or
supervisor is the only two people in this world who are interested in that particular
subject. So, keeping it in mind the research scholar should not try to discuss
about their research work with a common person unless he / she is the
professional colleague.
b) Managing
Friends and Family: It would be better if the researcher does not expect
too much from his/her friend and family members, as they can do nothing, except
giving a glimpse of encouraging words and a moral support. The researcher
should also avoid in telling in an extensive way about the research work to the
friends and family members, otherwise others may see the researcher like a
bore. So, in simple, during the course of the research work the researcher
should try to maintain a balance (though it’s really a difficult task) between
research work and the social responsibility.
c) Managing
Time: One cannot find more time than what he / she has. What one can do is
only to manage his / her time for a productive work instead of spending it in
the way of gossiping, unnecessary thinking, etc.
d) Managing
Document: The research scholar should arrange all the resources collected
or own resource,s i.e books, articles, etc. in a systematic way, so that in
case of immediate retrieval it does not cost much time.
e) Research
Diary: During the course of research work, the research diary should move
along with the researcher. He/she should keep notes of everything
(necessary/near unnecessary), because what today seems to be unnecessary may be
relevant tomorrow.
f) Keeping
Backup: During the course of the research work, different ideas will invade
the mind of the researcher. Keeping a back up copy of these ideas by way of
documenting over the note book may some times prove extraordinarily important.
Some times ideas are invaluable one, and it may have the capacity to give a new
wing to the researcher’s career. The researcher should also keep backup copy of
the writing on daily basis, both in soft copy as well as hard copy ignoring
whatever the cost may be.
g) Managing
Supervisor: In any field of study, resource persons are very busy but they
are also crucial to the success of any research work. The majority of the
supervisors are highly experienced and will do their best to make the
researcher’s visit to them productive and enjoyable (exceptions will always be
there). So, as a research worker, the research scholar shouldn’t hesitate to
use his /her supervisor within their legitimate time period.
h) Citation
Style: Before going through the research work, the research scholar should
determine which citation format he/she is going to follow and after wards
whatever the research scholar reads, he / she should immediately include it in
the reference page, according to the chosen citation style. It is crucial, if
one does not want to include his/her name in the list of “plagiaries”, by not
citing them. The normal strategy for longer quotation is to write it in
italics, keeping a small gap before as well as after the quotation.
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1. Definition: A person whose
responsibility is to conduct systematic system studies of library system is
known as library system analyst. 2.
Qualification: The qualification of a system analyst includes
a) Must have a degree in any faculty
preferably science along with a degree in Library and Information Science.
b)
Professional training in system analysis and computer application.
3.
Other Qualities and Skills for System Analyst: Some other qualities and skill required by a system analyst includesa)
Basic knowledge of information technology and computer. b)
A good knowledge about system analysis, design and implementation. c)
Good communication and inter personnel skills because system analyst has to
accomplish much of his work through other people. d)
Must have a quality to be always resourceful. e)
Proficiency in problem solving (decision making skills, capability in selecting
the right course of action to solve problems.) f)
Must be aware of the latest development in information and communication technology. g)
Understanding of the present organization structure, working condition to which
he is admitted.
4. Function: A library system
analyst, analyses, design and develop task systems (functional system or
application) and play a very important role in the development and
implementation of library system and services, both manual and computerized. A
library system analyst studies the current library system using miscellaneous
survey and research techniques and specifies improved or new system and services
for implementation. He interviews the library user to identify their needs and
wants and talks with the library staffs to find out how they are doing their
jobs, the type of difficulties they are facing in their work. As an end result
he describe in precise term the problem, functional requirement and constraints
of the system using different techniques.
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Library Furniture and Fittings:
The furniture and fittings can be made of metal, wood or plastic. The
furniture and fittings should also be modular. This would be the case for
tables, chairs, book racks, book trolleys, doors, windows, etc.
a) Book Racks: For normal shelving in general libraries, the
standard racks or shelves made of either seasoned teak or sheesham wood can
prove useful and functional. Book racks are used to store books, bound volumes
of periodicals, reports and such other kinds of materials. Each individual rack
is usually 180 cm wide, 195/225 cm high and 25/50 cm deep depending on whether
it is a single-sided or double sided. The number of shelves in a rack is
usually 5-6 depending on the high of the rack. A number of racks can be joined
together to make one row. In general, the height of the unit book rack should
be such that a person of normal height should be able to pick up books from
top-most shelf. The popular kinds of stacks are:
i) Fixed Shelves with Double
Row: They are normal fixed shelves
where material can be arranged in double rows.
ii) Hinged Stacks: Here two shelves are joined together with
hinges on one side and one shelf fixed while the other is mounted in front of
the hinges.
iii) Rolling Stacks: These are metal stack units mounted on ball
bearing wheel placed side by side.
iv) Compact Storage: This system consists of units of three
stacks, the centre row of fixed double-sided stacks at each side. This helps in
increasing the capacity of the storage space.
v) Multitier Stacks: This kind of stacking consists of stacks
from the floor to the roof and it has become quite popular in very large
libraries.
b) Periodical Display Rack: Double sided periodical racks are not
recommended since the unit becomes too bulky. It is better to place two single
sided racks back to back, if necessary. The following types of periodical
display racks are generally available in the market.
i) Step or Gallery Type: In this type the periodicals are displayed
stepwise, each step being 5 cm deep and 15cm high. Length of the rack is
generally 90cm. There may be 4-5 steps and on each step 4-5 journals can be
displayed and on a single sided rack 20-25 journals can be displayed.
ii) Pigeon Hole Type: This type of rack has two parts, one being a
cupboard in the bottom and other pigeon holes at the top. The usual height and
width are 7.5 feet by 6 feet. The depth is about one foot in the pigeon hole
and about 1.5 feet in the lower cupboard portion. The cupboard portion is for
storing the back volumes of the periodicals and the pigeons holes hold about 36
current periodicals.
iii) Inclined Type: This type of display rack is an improvement
over the earlier pigeon hole type of rack. This is a box type rack with
horizontal shelves, each covered with wooden planks with an inclination to the
shelf plank. The shelves can be portioned into pigeon holes, each hole being
provided with a wooden support for the periodicals. The inclined plank provides
a way of displaying periodicals with the back issues in the space behind the
inclined plank. Display space for 25-30 periodicals can be provided in one
rack.
c) Catalogue Cabinet: The catalogue cabinet is a unit of drawers
full of cards specially designed to hold library cards (5 x 3) and equipped
with a metal holding rod. These units are available in a wide range of sizes
starting from four drawers to about sixty drawers. For convenience and ease of
consultation, the trays of drawers are placed on stands of eye level. Each tray
can hold about 1,000 thick cards.
d) Charging Desk / Issue
Counter: In most of the libraries
the charging desk is specially designed to serve special need of the library,
and it is not usually acquired from the open market that has predefined shape
and size. The issue counter is usually designed for two people to work
simultaneously. The height of the counter should be 4-5 foot and should have
sufficient drawer space to accommodate all the issued documents records. The
counter should also have sufficient shelving space for placing the books which
are returned by the users. The common type of design used for issue counter is
circular, L-shaped, rectangular, and U-shaped.
e) Computer Table / Reading table: Proper computer tables with drawers are
required for the OPAC terminal, digital library section and such other. Some
common type tables are also required for the technical staff of the library and
for the readers to use as reading table in the reading room. The tables to be
used in the reading room are large in size and without any drawers.
f) Chairs: The chairs are required for OPAC terminal,
digital library section, technical staff and for the readers to use in the
reading room.
g) Book Ends or Book Supports:
These should be provided in large
numbers. At least two book supports are required for one plank so that the
books are made to stand erect.
h) Book-lifts and Trolleys: If the book stacks are spread over many
floors, it is desirable that book lifts or dumb elevators, as these are called,
should be provided. Similarly, to carry books from one end to the other end of
each floor, there should be a book trolley so that the time and energy of the
staff can be saved.
i) Record Keeping Equipment: In a modern library, most of the record
keeping equipment is replaced by computerized record keeping databases. The
record keeping equipment includes loan register, periodical record register,
accession register, gate register, membership register and such others.
j) Filing Cabinets: There should be filing cabinets for
correspondences, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, patents, standards, and other
types of materials with odd sizes. For filing of correspondences, vertical
filing cabinets with drawers that can be pulled out can be used. Pamphlet boxes
of various kinds are also available in the market for storing pamphlets, leaf-lets,
standards and patents.
k) Photocopiers / Printer: In the libraries for various activities
there will always be the need of multiple copies of a single document. The
photocopiers will also be needed when readers of the library want to make Xerox
copies of a chapter of a book or for such other activities. Several leading
companies are manufacturing photocopiers with several variations like coloured
copies, size enlargement or reduction and several copies at a time. Depending
on the requirements of an individual library and availability of funds,
suitable copier as per requirement can be purchased. In modern day libraries
computer printer should also be procured.
l) Typewriters / Computers: Typewriters are gradually replaced by
computers in most of the libraries. So, it’s better to go for computer than
typewriters. In an automated library bar-coding printer, bar-coding reader and
such others should also be procured.
m) Miscellaneous Items: It will include stool or step ladder for
reaching the roof for cleaning, for users in stack room for picking books from
upper shelves, vacuum cleaners, air-conditioners, binding equipment,
projectors, etc. Some other library furniture may include notice board,
newspaper stand with sloping top, property counter or rack for keeping the
users belongings.
Let Us Sum Up: Planning the library building is a team
project and not exclusively the job of an architect. The basic aim of the
design of a library building should be to achieve flexibility using modular
system. In addition, open access and provision of future growth is an important
consideration. The design should be functional rather than a monumental
consisting of a rectangular area having pillars or modules.
The inclusion of the
librarian in the library building committee is a crucial factor. He is the best
person for planning and equipping the library and determines the exact
functional relationship between the various parts of the structure. He will
prepare a note on library building programme explaining the requirements of the
library to the architect, management, etc. The architect on the basis of his
note would propose a plan keeping in view the ways in which the users would use
a library. He would be able to suggest the designing of a functional and
attractive building within the budget allocated for the purpose. The decision
of the library building committee must be finally approved by the competent
authority.
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