UGC NET Paper II and III Write up International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD) , Ph 078-380-239-56

International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD): In 1961, at the International Conference on Cataloguing Principles held in Paris, stress was laid on the need of standardization in bibliographic description. To solve the problem, International Meeting on Cataloguing Expert (ICME) was sponsored by IFLA and held in Copenhagen in 1969. The meeting formed a committee to study the problem of standardization in bibliographic description. The committee submitted its report at a meeting held in Liverpool in 1971 which is known as International Standard Bibliographic Description (Monograph) {ISBD (M)}. In course of its application many ambiguities and lack of details in some areas were discovered. To resolve the problem, IFLA conference was held in Grenoble in 1973. After the conference two documents- ISBD (M) and ISBD (S) were published. In 1975, the General International Standard Bibliographic Description [ISBD (G)] was developed. It serves as a single framework for the description of all types of publications in all types of media. The ISBD (G) was later on incorporated into AACR II as a general framework for bibliographic description.

The ISBD (G) acted just as some guiding principles. It was not intended for use as a working tool for the cataloguer. So, IFLA brought out the following ISBDs on the basis of ISBD (G) as working tool. Their names are:

ISBD (M): Monograph

ISBD (S): Serial

ISBD (CM): Cartographic Material

ISBD (AV): Audio Visual

ISBD (CF): Computer Files, etc.

            As ISBD has so many numbers they are called ISBDs.

A) Elements of ISBD (M)

i) Title and Statement of Responsibility

            i) Title proper

            ii) Parallel title or alternative title

            iii) Statement of authorship

b) Edition

            i) Edition statement

            ii) Statement of authorship related to edition

c) Imprint

            i) Place of publication

            ii) Name of publisher

            iii) Date of publication

            iv) Place of printing

            v) Name of printer

d) Collation

            i) Number of volumes and / or pages

            ii) Illustration matter

            iii) Size and accompanying material

e) Series

f) Notes

g) International Standard Book Number, binding, price

            i) ISBD

            ii) Binding

            iii) Price

B) Punctuation: ISBD also suggested proper punctuation mark for each and every item for making machine readable format.

[] :        If information is not available in the proper place;

() :        To denote omission;

/ :         Before the statement of author;

: :         It proceeds the name of publisher / sub title;

= :        Parallel title;

- :         Place of publication;

, :         Year of publication, etc.

C) Capitalization and Abbreviation: The first letter of the first word in each area is given in capital.

s.l. (Sine Loco), used when place of publication is not known;

s.n.: (Sine Nomina), used when name of publisher is unknown;

ill.: Illustration;

cm.: Centimetre;

D) Information Sources for ISBD: Generally the maximum required information for ISBD is available in the title page of the document itself.

“ugc”

“net”

“ugc net”

“net exam”

“net entrance”
“net jrf”

“ugc net syllabus”

“ugc net jrf entrance exam coaching classes institute”
“ugc net jrf  computer science exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf commerce exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf management exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf economics exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf mass communication exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf education exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf history exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf psychology exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf hindi exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf political science exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf human resource exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf library & information science exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf computer science exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf coaching exam coaching” 

“ugc net jrf study material”
“ugc”

“net”

“ugc net”

“net exam”

“net entrance”
“net jrf”

global teachers academy
D-2, Arjun Nagar Safdarjung Enclave, New Delhi
Near Green Park Metro Station
Ph. 078-380-239-56 , 078-380-243-65
http://www.gtah.net/

www.ugcnetd.com
https://www.facebook.com/ugcnetcoachingdelhiindia
https://www.facebook.com/gtadh?ref=hl
https://www.facebook.com/ugcnetcoaching.delhi

http://www.gtah.net/about-us.php      
http://www.gtah.net/ugc-net.php
http://www.gtah.net/jnu-du.php
http://www.gtah.net/enquiry-now.php
http://www.gtah.net/results.php
http://www.gtah.net/contact-us.php

http://www.ugcnetcoaching.in

https://plus.google.com/+Ugcnetd/posts

https://www.facebook.com/ugcnetcoachings http://in.linkedin.com/in/ugcnetcoaching http://ugcnetjrfcoaching.wordpress.com

http://ugcnetd.wordpress.com

http://ugcnetcoachingugc.wordpress.com/

http://ugcnetcoachings.wordpress.com/

http://ugcnetjrfcoachings.blogspot.in

http://ugcnetgtah.blogspot.in/

http://netexamcoaching.blogspot.in/

http://ugcnetpsychologycoaching.blogspot.in/

http://ugcnetcommercecoaching.blogspot.in/

http://ugcnetmanagementcoaching.blogspot.in/

http://ugcnetexamcoaching.blogspot.in/

http://ugcnetenglishugc.blogspot.in/

http://ugcnetcoachings.blogspot.in/

http://ugcnetonlinecoachng.blogspot.in/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMJnpTIwKuY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yIIl90pCwAI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BfgfKMwfpsk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z8oNow4w9-A

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yMRtgqHPnfA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mzW2NoQZUbM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ePCdZjXmVgc

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XV9rT3b2LZI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2UouOJJtCyc

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m1kzxQVJdds

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0OsSCh8wpSU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=owZeCkfMas8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lj0m3Bf8D5A

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UOuqF5DcEUw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDb46OwJESs

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=34fYjBW_L0M

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lCc8lY8PpjU

 

UGC NET Paper II and III Write up Information Transfer Cycle , Ph 078-380-239-56

Information Transfer Cycle: Cycle means a series of events that are regularly repeated in the same order. Transfer of information from its generation to its end user becomes possible through many processes. These processes are also regularly repeated in the same order. These processes complete a cycle, which is called Information Transfer Cycle (ITC). The ITC comprises generation, collection, storage, communication and retrieval.

a) Information Creation / Generation: Information is created with the happening of incidents and activities of humans. If an activity or an incident does not happen, no information is created. Information is mostly created by research and development programmes, government activities, survey and census of population, business and industrial organizations etc. and presented in format by author, scientist, researcher, editor, writer, poets, novelists, dramatists, etc. Over the web, information is produced by the general people irrespective of their background and is not restricted only to academics such as scholars, scientists, etc.

b) Information Production and Dissemination: It is the mass production of knowledge through publishing companies or others that will help the mass distribution of knowledge in some physical or electronic form. Previously the information had been disseminated in the form of book. Many conventional and non conventional, printed and non printed sources of information are nowadays available which are different in shape, size, type and format. Over the web, the production is accelerated by posting the information electronically over some kind of websites. It speeds up the transfer of information globally at a rapid rate instead of taking months or years to get published on paper.

c) Information Storage, Organization, Retrieval and Communication: The storage is the process by which the information described and presented in the documents are stored. Information is collected and stored by libraries, documentation centers, information analysis centers, data banks, data centres, etc. Computer has been accepted as a boon for storing of information. It can store a huge amount of information in the form of database. Besides, the computer, disks and CDROMs are the newly developed and very significant tools of storing information.

i) Organization is how that representation of knowledge is found among others of its kind. In the library environment, the classification and catalogue, shelf list, various kinds of guides, etc facilitate the retrieval function. All these tools are equipped with controlled vocabularly. In the computer environment, organization is facilitated by databases, search engines, etc.  Knowledge is individual and the users determine its usefulness; so keyword and natural language searching in computer environment is more attractive.

ii) Retrieval is a process of getting information from the collection of a library, for providing answer to the queries of the users, etc.

iii) Communication is the process of transmission of information from one place to another, from the creator of information to its users. It is necessary for the best use of the same. It is the process of social exchange. In the library environment, communication of information can be made through telephone, CAS services, SDI services, teleconferencing, e-mail, etc. Sometimes the publisher also brings different kinds of information sources to the notice of the user community.

d) Information Diffusion and Utilization: Diffusion is viewed as a more targeted flow of information to a particular segment of society. The diffusion of information should find its way to people who actually need it instead of targeting the people who will use it for their own benefit.

Utilization is the adoption and implementation of the knowledge by the user. Information is needed by each and every person of modern society for some purpose or the other. When information is consumed by one person it gives new dimension to his knowledge. This knowledge when he applied to some other purposes it gives birth to new information. Thus the information cycle is continuum in nature.

e) Information Preservation and Destruction: The different kinds of libraries, archives are trying to preserve information in different format. Over web, the Internet archive and the cached page of search engines are serving some purpose in this regard.

The information that is less frequently accessed or has met its assigned retention periods may be considered for relocation to an archive. Then from the archive, it needs to be weeded at some time or other by means of appropriate procedure for the content.

The meaning of information cycle relates to that unit of knowledge from where the information is generated and then transmitted to the users with the state of various processes. The whole process of information from its creation to its use is called the information cycle.

“ugc”

“net”

“ugc net”

“net exam”

“net entrance”
“net jrf”

“ugc net syllabus”

“ugc net jrf entrance exam coaching classes institute”
“ugc net jrf  computer science exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf commerce exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf management exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf economics exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf mass communication exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf education exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf history exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf psychology exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf hindi exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf political science exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf human resource exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf library & information science exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf computer science exam coaching”
“ugc net jrf coaching exam coaching” 

“ugc net jrf study material”
“ugc”

“net”

“ugc net”

“net exam”

“net entrance”
“net jrf”

global teachers academy
D-2, Arjun Nagar Safdarjung Enclave, New Delhi
Near Green Park Metro Station
Ph. 078-380-239-56 , 078-380-243-65
http://www.gtah.net/

www.ugcnetd.com
https://www.facebook.com/ugcnetcoachingdelhiindia
https://www.facebook.com/gtadh?ref=hl
https://www.facebook.com/ugcnetcoaching.delhi

http://www.gtah.net/about-us.php      
http://www.gtah.net/ugc-net.php
http://www.gtah.net/jnu-du.php
http://www.gtah.net/enquiry-now.php
http://www.gtah.net/results.php
http://www.gtah.net/contact-us.php

http://www.ugcnetcoaching.in

https://plus.google.com/+Ugcnetd/posts

https://www.facebook.com/ugcnetcoachings http://in.linkedin.com/in/ugcnetcoaching http://ugcnetjrfcoaching.wordpress.com

http://ugcnetd.wordpress.com

http://ugcnetcoachingugc.wordpress.com/

http://ugcnetcoachings.wordpress.com/

http://ugcnetjrfcoachings.blogspot.in

http://ugcnetgtah.blogspot.in/

http://netexamcoaching.blogspot.in/

http://ugcnetpsychologycoaching.blogspot.in/

http://ugcnetcommercecoaching.blogspot.in/

http://ugcnetmanagementcoaching.blogspot.in/

http://ugcnetexamcoaching.blogspot.in/

http://ugcnetenglishugc.blogspot.in/

http://ugcnetcoachings.blogspot.in/

http://ugcnetonlinecoachng.blogspot.in/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMJnpTIwKuY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yIIl90pCwAI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BfgfKMwfpsk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z8oNow4w9-A

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yMRtgqHPnfA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mzW2NoQZUbM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ePCdZjXmVgc

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XV9rT3b2LZI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2UouOJJtCyc

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m1kzxQVJdds

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0OsSCh8wpSU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=owZeCkfMas8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lj0m3Bf8D5A

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UOuqF5DcEUw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDb46OwJESs

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=34fYjBW_L0M

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lCc8lY8PpjU